63 有關這種需求的闡述，請參見[英]卡爾·波蘭尼：《大轉型：我們時代的政治與經濟起源》，劉陽、馮鋼譯，杭州：浙江人民出版社，2007年。

64 參見王紹光：“大轉型：1980年代以來中國的雙向運動”。數據顯示，20世紀90年代中后期是社會保障方面公共支出占GDP比重跌入谷底的時期，因為在此期間，無數國有與集體企業“轉制”，幾千萬國有企業與集體企業的職工“下崗”，導致他們中的許多人及其家屬被拋出社會保護網。

65 有關中國體制適應能力的討論，請參見王紹光：“學習機制與適應能力：中國農村合作醫療體制變遷的啟示”，《中國社會科學》，2008年第6期，第111～133頁。

Is China still a Low Welfare State?

—A "New Leap-forward" in China's Social Protection from a Comparative Perspective

Wang Shaoguang

Abstract: Since the founding of New China, it has successfully completed two historical stages of development and realized the dream of being self-reliant and becoming rich. Now in the third historical stage, China is trying to realize the dream of common prosperity. A vast number of data shows that in order to realize the dream of common prosperity, China has indeed experienced an unprecedented "great leap-forward" in social protection over the past ten years. This shows that China's political system is highly adaptive to changing environment and strongly responsive to the needs of the people. China was in a "low welfare state" around the year 2000, mainly because its policies were influenced by Neoliberalism at one point. If people now still firmly assert that China is a "low welfare" or "zero welfare" or even a "negative welfare" state, that would be groundless.

Keywords: common prosperity, China system, social welfare, social security

【作者簡介】

王紹光，香港中文大學政治與公共行政系講座教授，清華大學公共管理學院長江講座教授。

研究方向：比較政治、政治經濟學、中國政治、東亞新興工業經濟體、民主理論與實踐。

主要著作：《中國式共識型決策》、《民主四講》、《袪魅與超越》、《安邦之道》、《中國國家能力報告》、《分權的底限》等。

責任編輯/鄭韶武